Focus | Prerequisites | Effects | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Continue the New Deal | United States:
| United States:
| The policies of the New Deal have proven to work. We must not lose our way now. |
Reestablish the Gold Standard | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: On the Gold Standard | Without the Gold Standard, money exists as little more than an article of faith, while rampant inflation eats away our people's savings and devalues their work. We must abandon this fiscally irresponsible path. |
WPA | United States:
| United States:
| Millions of people are still suffering the unemployment resulting from the Great Depression. An agency to put these people to work on public projects may not fully solve the problem, but the Work Progress Administration is a step in the right direction. |
Agricultural Adjustment Act | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: All of the following must be true:
| United States:
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
further New Deal legislation is drafted and ready to be signed.
| Our farmers have been particularly hard-hit by the depression. We must ensure that the people who produce our food are not driven out of business by an unchecked market. |
Fair Labor Standards Act | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: All of the following must be true:
| United States:
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
further New Deal legislation is drafted and ready to be signed. | With the first signs of a slow recovery taking place, it is time to ensure that the workers get to participate in it. We must ban exploitative practices such as unpaid overtime and introduce a liveable minimum wage. |
Federal Housing Act | United States:
| United States:
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| As part of our ongoing efforts to eradicate poverty in the United States, we will create a program of federally-subsidized housing. |
Scientific Research & Development Office | United States:
| United States:
| With war looming on the horizon, we must focus our scientific efforts to ensure that we are not outmatched by any potential adversary. |
Rubber Reserve Company | United States:
| United States:
| With the eruption of war, we have lost almost all our sources of imported rubber. With an enormous coordinated effort, the rubber companies in the United States can cooperate to find better means of producing synthetic rubber, possibly even meeting the demands of the war effort. |
Limited Intervention | United States has the focus:
| United States gets the national spirit: Limited Intervention
It would take extraordinary aggression to draw us into a war at full force, but after recent developments, many people are freely willing to assist in conflicts abroad.
| It would take extraordinary aggression to draw us into a war at full force, but after recent developments, many people are freely willing to assist in conflicts abroad. |
War Propaganda | United States:
| United States:
| Our people don't want to send their children to die in another war, but many politicians see a need for intervention. Propaganda to demonize the enemy and call for open conflict may not only be a tool for tyrants. |
Focus on Europe | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: One of the following must be true:
| United States:
| The Great Powers of Europe are once more poised to plunge the world into a world war. We can not, as we did before, wait until it affects us. We must be ready to intervene decisively should any nation in Europe threaten the peace. |
Office of Strategic Services | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Office of Stategic Services
The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) was a United States Intelligence agency formed during World War II. It was the wartime intelligence agency, and a predecessor of the Central Intelligence Agency {CIA). | Forming a dedicated intelligence agency will not only aid the war, but future operations abroad. British intelligence services can serve as a model. |
Focus on Asia | United States:
| United States:
| While most people look with worry towards Europe, we also face uncertainty and instability across the Pacific. It might be in our best interest to intervene abroad before we attacked closer to home. |
MAGIC | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: MAGIC The Navy thinks it can break the Japanese encryption codes, which would allow us to read all of their message traffic, including ship movements. | The Navy thinks it can break the Japanese encryption codes, which would allow us to read all of their message traffic, including ship movements. |
Black Chamber Operation | United States has the focus:
| United States:
| We have information of political activities in a number of American countries that does not align with our interests. Fortunately we have established a underground propaganda network and are ready to push these countries in our direction. This is something we must do to ensure that we are not under threat at home. |
Lend Lease Act | United States has the focus:
| United States:
Lend Lease Act The large democracies of the world are under assault. If they lose the battle, it is only a question of time before war comes to our shores. We must do what we can to support them - even if they can not pay for the equipment immediately.
| The large democracies of the world are under assault. If they lose the battle, it is only a question of time before war comes to our shores. We must do what we can to support them - even if they can not pay for the equipment immediately. |
Scientist Haven | United States has the focus:
| United States:
| Having asserted ourselves as guardians of liberty in the world, we can welcome researchers and intellectuals driven out of the oppressive regimes abroad, giving them a chance to succeed and aid our cause in the land of opportunity. |
Manhattan Project | United States:
| United States:
| Development of Substitute Materials, an innocent-sounding USACE project, will eventually be known as the Manhattan Project. One of the most secretive and dangerous undertakings in military history, its goal is to create the first atomic bomb. |
Neutrality Act | United States has the focus:
| United States:
Neutrality Act
It seems increasingly certain that war will break out in Europe. During the Great War, American companies sold large quantites of weapons to the Allies, and many believe that the American entry was mostly motivated by a desire to ensure that those deliveries would be paid for. This time, there won't be any war-profiteering.
| It seems increasingly certain that war will break out in Europe. During the Great War, American companies sold large quantites of weapons to the Allies, and many believe that the American entry was mostly motivated by a desire to ensure that those deliveries would be paid for. This time, there won't be any war-profiteering. |
Arsenal of Democracy | United States:
The following will bypass the focus:
| United States:
| Regardless of whether or not we choose to intervene directly in a war, democratic nations must know that we will arm and support them. |
The Giant Wakes | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: has the national spiritHomeland Defense Emergency Act | United States:
| Nations turn to us to protect the values of democracy and liberty. The world where non-interventionist America was born no longer exists and we must adapt accordingly. |
Wartime Industry | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Wartime Industry Civilian to Military Factory conversion cost: -50.00%
| We have a strong industry, but not all of it is well adapted for production of war materials. Finding efficient processes to facilitate this change will be key to utilizing our resources. |
Military Construction | United States:
| United States:
| With superpowers threatening world peace, our public works projects need to be turned towards military matters as well as civilian ones. |
USACE Projects | United States:
| United States:
| The US Army Corps of Engineers will be put to the task of building the foundation for many future military projects the like of which the world has never seen. Essayons! |
Adjusted Compensation Act | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit for 180 days: Adjusted Compensation Payment
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| Our veterans of the Great War were promised a fair pension. Many have fallen on hard times recently as the depression hit. We must do what we can to help those who answered the call of the Republic in its hour of need. |
Labor-Management Relations Act | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Labor-Management Relations Act Businesses all over America are threatened by all kinds of union activities - strikes, organizing, demands for higher wages. We can not allow this to continue.
| Businesses all over America are threatened by all kinds of union activities - strikes, organizing, demands for higher wages. We can not allow this to continue. |
Protectionist Tariffs | United States:
| United States:
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| Free Trade has opened up our markets to foreign competitors, many of which have raised tariffs and duties of their own. Our companies face stiff competition while theirs enjoy the safety of the customs-wall. This must end. |
Income Tax Reform | United States:
| United States:
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| The Income Tax takes money out of every American's wallet - money that our citizens could spend on buying other things and supporting their local economy. We will give Americans the autonomy over their own finances back. |
American Institute of Sciences | United States:
| United States:
| The universities and research labs all across the nation have so far conducted their research as they saw fit. This must end. We will create a new organization to coordinate the efforts of our world-class scientists. |
Focus | Prerequisites | Effects | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Suspend the Persecution | United States:
| United States:
| The persecution of American citizens for their political views - no matter how abhorrent they may seem - is fundamentally at odds with the values of this country. It must cease immediately. |
Desegregate the Armed Forces | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Armed Forces Desegregation | Serving under arms in the armed forces of one's country can be an unwelcome duty - but it can also be a cherished right. A right that many of our citizens are denied on account of their ancestry. |
Full Desegregation | United States:
| United States:
Full Desegregation Effective Change:Recruitable Population Factor: +20% For too long, some of our states have treated people differently based on old, outdated and inhuman criteria. In a free republic, every citizen must be treated equally - and not seperately.
| For too long, some of our states have treated people differently based on old, outdated and inhuman criteria. In a free republic, every citizen must be treated equally - and not seperately. |
Democratic Socialism | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: | United States:
| No right-thinking person can deny that socialism is the future of human civilization. At the same time, no proud and patriotic citizen of this republic could possibly support a system where government is no longer made by the people and of the people. Like our proud forefathers, we will create a new form of government that combines both. |
Liberty for the Philippines | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: Philippines is not a subject of the United States | Philippines becomes free if it is a subject of the United States If United States is a Faction leader, Philippines joins the faction. | The people of the Philippines have shown their ability to organize their own affairs, and it is about time that the last vestiges of American control over their country are official removed. |
Pacific Decolonisation | United States:
| If:
If:
| There is no justification - none - for the continued presence of European powers in the Pacific, nor for keeping the peoples of the Pacific Islands in servitude to their European masters. America will no longer stand idly by while this injustice continues. |
Union Representation Act | United States:
| United States:
| Work is a core part of human life, and organizing into a union is a fundamental part of organizing a democratic society. It is only proper that we should recognize this and ensure that unions have mandatory representation in Congress. |
Old Age Pension Act | United States:
| United States:
| After a lifetime of work, our people deserve to enjoy financial security and respect in old age. What legislation exists to support them is clearly insufficient. |
Accumulated Wealth Tax Act | United States:
| United States:
Accumulated Wealth Tax Act Some people in our country have amassed absurd amounts of capital. This money sits passively in bank accounts or invested in impractically large buildings, gildened furniture and expensive paintings. None of these serve any viable economic purpose. by instituting a new tax we will force those amongst our citizens who have amassed such useless wealth to reinvest the money into the economy.
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| Some people in our country have amassed absurd amounts of capital. This money sits passively in bank accounts or invested in impractically large buildings, gildened furniture and expensive paintings. None of these serve any viable economic purpose. by instituting a new tax we will force those amongst our citizens who have amassed such useless wealth to reinvest the money into the economy. |
Guarantee the American Dream | United States:
| United States:
| Most of our people don't wish for much in life: stable employment, good health, and a place to start a family. There is no reason why they shouldn't have that. |
Worker Management Act | United States:
| United States:
Worker Management Act Far too often factories and offices are managed by people who have never worked on the shop floor. Unable to understand the realities of production, they set unrealistic expectations. To safeguard our economy from the damage such incompetent managers can cause, we will enforce management of the workers, by the workers, for the workers!
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| Far too often factories and offices are managed by people who have never worked on the shop floor. Unable to understand the realities of production, they set unrealistic expectations. To safeguard our economy from the damage such incompetent managers can cause, we will enforce management of the workers, by the workers, for the workers! |
Militia Organization Act | United States:
| United States
Militia Organization Act Our proud republic has a long tradition of the citizen soldier. Should our country ever find itself invaded by a foreign attacker, they will face a well-organized and well-armed militia of men and women fighting on familiar territory to defend their homes.
| Our proud republic has a long tradition of the citizen soldier. Should our country ever find itself invaded by a foreign attacker, they will face a well-organized and well-armed militia of men and women fighting on familiar territory to defend their homes. |
Communal Property Act | United States:
| United States:
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| The needs of the many should never be outweighed by the desires of the few, or even the one. To ensure that this is the case, we will pass new legislation to allow local communities to execute eminent domain more easily. |
Reintegration | United States:
| United States:
| The war has divided our nation, but eventually, even those that rose up against us can yet be redeemed. When the population has learned the error of their ways, they should be allowed to once again rejoin the political process in our proud republic. |
Reach out to the Ware Group | United States:
| United States:
| There exists a small group of devoted communists inside our government. They believe that they operate in secret, but we know their names. Perhaps they could see that our goal align and could be persuaded to join the government. |
US-USSR Economic Cooperation | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: Soviet Union:
| Soviet Union:
United States:
| Despite its chaotic and bloody birth, the Soviet Union has achieved remarkable progress in building a modern, industrialized society. We should do our part to help them. |
Unholy Alliance | United States:
| Soviet Union:
| Sometimes, we have to choose our enemies. Often, the choice is not easy. The future may judge us for standing side by side with one tyrant, or praise us for saving it from the other. |
Secure China | United States:
| If Communist China is faction leader:
Otherwise, if United States is Faction leader:
| China has been gripped by a long, bloody civil war. The Nationalist government is deeply corrupt and has lost all support in the population. It is time we start to support the single actor in China who can unite and pacify the country - the Communist Party. |
End Monarchism | United States:
| If United Kingdom:
If Germany:
If Hungary:
If Japan:
If Manchukuo:
| The monarchies of Europe have plunged the world into one world war already - we can not allow them to do it again. Our forefathers made war on the King of England to gain their freedom - we shall free the world from his tyranny forever! |
Shatter the Empires | United States:
| If:
If:
If:
If:
| We were once a colony of a global empire, until we purchased our freedom in blood. Our republic can not truely feel secure until those that dream themselves masters of this world are contained. |
Focus | Prerequisites | Effects | Description |
---|---|---|---|
America First | United States:
| United States:
| Some people would have us spend our treasures and the blood of our youth in foreign wars. We must not be swayed by these warmongerers, and will instead live by a simple maxim: America First - Everyone Else Second. |
Extend the Chinese Exclusion Acts | United States:
| United States:
Current leader of China:
| With China ravaged by war we must take steps to limit Chinese immigration, lest we be drowned in waves of refugees. |
Empower the Huac | United States:
| United States:
| The House Commitee on Unamerican Activities serves an important function in our healthy democracy. We must not permit illoyal elements from trying to influence the political process. |
Voter Registration Act | United States:
| United States:
| Elections are the most important part of a democracy. It is utterly unreasonable to demand that there should be no checks on who can participate in them - or perhaps, the people who argue for uncontrolled elections have more sinister motivations and wish to subvert the process with vote fraud.. |
Ally With the Silver Shirts | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: | United States:
| To restore our nation to its proper place in the world and claim our manifest destiny, a more fundamental reorganization is necessary. The Silver Shirts will help us achieve this. |
National Prosperity Program | United States:
| United States:
| The key to ensuring a swift recovery and lasting prosperity lies not in unchecked markets but in carefully guided programs, connecting private and public enterprises. |
Privatize the TVA | United States:
| United States:
Privatization of State-owned Companies | The Tennessee Valley Authority has crowded out private competition and has established a strangehold on construction work in the area. It can not be the government's job to do things the private sector has proven to do better. |
De-Regulate the Banking Sector | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: De-Regulated Banking Sector
| Following a correction in the financial markets that is perfectly normal in the economic cycle, previous governments have instituted quite unreasonable constraints on financial activities. While no doubt well-intentioned, these restrictions clearly do more harm than good. |
National Employment Strategy | United States:
| United States:
National Employment Strategy Effective Change:
Unemployment comes from a simple fact: people don't match up with the jobs offered. Factories lie idle because employers don't find the people they need while people in other parts of the country starve. We will introduce a new strategy that will ensure that any employer can find the people he needs to run his company.
Slow Recovery Effective Change:
Slow Economic Growth Effective Change:
| Unemployment comes from a simple fact: people don't match up with the jobs offered. Factories lie idle because employers don't find the people they need while people in other parts of the country starve. We will introduce a new strategy that will ensure that any employer can find the people he needs to run his company. |
Invite Foreign Support | United States:
| United States:
| With some very disturbing reports coming in about the loyalty of the military and some state governments, we might have to look abroad for support. |
Send Lindbergh To Germany | United States:
| United States:
| The famous aviator has offered to go to Europe to investigate how Germany has rebuilt itself after the last war. This should give us valuable experience. Lindbergh has also indicated that he would be willing to join the government in a consulting role. |
Work With the Bund | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: | United States:
Germany gains Work With the Bund (Opinion of the United States: +35
| The German-American Bund has offered to help us communicate our positions to the many Americans of German ancestry. It would ensure that we have a sympathetic base in their states. |
Honor the Confederacy | United States:
| United States:
| For too long, the story of the Civil War was told from the northern perspective - the story of a doomed rebellion. It is time that the other side is heard as well. |
Recruit the Free Corps | United States:
| United States:
| With the military increasingly suspect, we must turn to the heroes of the Great War. In its hour of need, the German Freikorps came to the aid of the German Republic. We need a similiar organization that will stay loyal to us when our hour of need comes. |
War Powers Act | United States:
| United States:
War Powers Act
In a world of increasingly fast aircraft carrying increasingly larger bombloads, in a world of submarines and chemical weapons, restricting the President to require the consent of Congress to do what is needed to defend the country is inviting disaster.
| In a world of increasingly fast aircraft carrying increasingly larger bombloads, in a world of submarines and chemical weapons, restricting the President to require the consent of Congress to do what is needed to defend the country is inviting disaster. |
Seize Cuba | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: One of the Following Must Be true:
| United States either:
| Just off our shores lies an unsinkable aircraft carrier, ready to serve as a base for an aggressor. We must not let that happen. |
Eliminate the Southern Threat | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: Mexico:
| Mexico:
| Mexico has been an unstable mess for the last generation. Whether the violence spills over our border or someone unites the country and marches north is irrelevant - we must secure our southern flank. |
Manifest Destiny | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Manifest Destiny | The special circumstances around our nation's foundation and history give us mandate to act on injustice and oppression anywhere in the world. To create a safe international community, our primary export must be freedom. |
The Canadian Corridor | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: One of the Following must be true:
| Controller of British Colombia (473) gets event The Canadian Corridor | A small strip of sparsly populated Canadian territory separates Alaska from the lower US. Its defense is therefore dependent on Canadian good-will. However, the most likely attacker is Canada. This can not continue. |
North American Dominion | United States:
| The Countries If they are not at war and a subject of the United States:
| With our immediate borders secure, we must look further afield to pre-empt any threat against North America. We can not tolerate any rogue state in the region. |
Strategic Interests | United States:
The following will bypass the focus:
| The controller of Singapore (336), Hong Kong (326), Gibraltar (118) or the overlord of the controller of the above states:
| The world is more connected than ever before. A threat in one part of it can easily grow until it becomes a danger to the entire world. We must build a network of mutually-supporting bases around the globe to enable us to respond quickly to any situation. |
Protect South America | United States:
| The Countries If they are not at war and a subject of the United States:
| The southern part of our double continent has been the playground of empires since it was discovered. It is time that someone took it upon themselves to ensure that those nations are undisturbed and guided towards a more productive future. |
Pacific Pacification | United States:
The following will bypass the focus: One of the following must be true:
| Australia and New Zealand or The overlord of Australia and New Zealand if not independent:
| Australia and New Zealand are too far from Britain to be effectively defended by them. We can not allow them to be taken over by a nation hostile to the United States. |
Secure Asia | United States:
The following will bypass the focus:
| If Siam, IndonesiaVietnam, Laos or Cambodia is not a subject and not at war with the United States:
| The colonial nations in Europe seem either unwilling or unable to effectively defend their Asian colonies. We must take over this burden for them, lest these areas become springboards of further aggression. |
Global Hegemony | United States:
| United States gains Puppet (focus)war goal against:
| We stand at the cusp of achieving a position of global supremacy that will allow us to prevent conflict just through our mere existence. We just have to ensure that the remaining Great Powers on the planet acknowledge our position. |
Focus | Prerequisites | Effects | Description |
---|---|---|---|
War Plans Division | None | United States:
| While we might desire peace, we must prepare for war. |
Intervention in the Americas | United States:
| The United States gets the national spirit: Intervention in the Americas Our first order of business must be to ensure we are prepared for any eventuallity in our own hemisphere. | Our first order of business must be to ensure we are prepared for any eventuallity in our own hemisphere. |
War Plan Green | United States:
| United States:
| With Mexico in a constant state of instability following the revolution, we must be prepared to intervene, decisively. |
Reaffirm Monroe Doctrine | United States:
| United States:
| Dating over a 100 years back, the Monroe Doctrine codified US intervention in the case of European attempts to colonize the Americas, but stay out of European affairs. Strengthening our role as peace-keepers on these continents will improve our influence in the region. |
War Plan Gray | United States:
| United States:
| History has shown that the nations of the Carribean are quite unstable. We might have to move quickly to protect American interests should any of them fall into instability. |
Hemisphere Defense | United States:
| If United states is not in a faction:
If United states is in a faction and is faction leader:
| Regardless of any foreign entanglements, we must first and foremost look to our own neighbourhood. |
War Plan Crimson | United States:
| United States:
| While Canada may be a friendly neighbour now, this may not always be the case. |
Intervention in Europe | United States:
| The United States gets the national spirit: Intervention in Europe Less than two decades after the end of the Great War, the nations of Europe are once again poised for war. We must be prepared in case the situation requires swift intervention. | Less than two decades after the end of the Great War, the nations of Europe are once again poised for war. We must be prepared in case the situation requires swift intervention. |
War Plan Gold | United States:
| United States:
| France suffers from internal division and increasing political radicalism, but is also one of the greatest military powers of Europe. This combination makes many people uncomfortable. |
War Plan Silver | United States:
| United States:
| Italy has openly declared its ambition to rule the Mediterranean. If their desires of an Empire conflict with our interests, we must be prepared. |
War Plan Black | United States:
| Germany Gains War Plan Black (Opinion of the United States -50 United States:
| It's plain to see that Germany's politics and expansionism goes far beyond any measure of sanity. They must be stopped before their war machine reaches the point of no return. |
Destroyers For Bases | The United States:
Germany Exists United Kingdom:
The following will bypass the focus:
| United Kingdom:
The United States becomes owner and controller of :Bermuda (696), Newfoundland (331), Leeward Islands (308), Southern Bahamas (693), Jamaica (689), and Trinidad (691) | The UK is in need of ships, and we need to protect our home territory. For the right to set up military bases in currently British territories, we can exchange some Destroyers, which will hopefully be put to good use as well. |
War Plan White | United States:
| Soviet Union Gains War Plan White (Opinion of the United States -50 United States:
| The Red Menace cannot be allowed to expand unchecked. Whether from without or from within, there is no greater threat to our nation and the world at large. |
Anti Bolshevist Aid | United States:
| United States:
| Any gun, shell, bullet and pair of boots we can give to those fighting the spread of communism will ultimately help defend us. |
War Plan Red | United States:
| United Kingdom Gains War Plan Red (Opinion of the United States -50 United States:
| After appearing to be on the path to respecting the people, our old oppressors are now at odds with the winds of change we've accepted. The British Empire is showing its true colors. We must let them know where we stand. |
War Plan Ruby | United States:
| United States:
| India houses untold millions of people, which we must be prepared to face should we come into conflict. |
War Plan Scarlet Garnet | United States:
| United States:
| In the Pacific, Australia and New Zealand may well come to the aid of their motherland. Any plan to deal with Britain must account for her colonies. |
Intervention in Asia | United States:
| United States:
| Often overshadowed by the developments in Europe, Asia has its own trouble spots, forcing us to prepare for an intervention. |
War Plan Orange | United States:
| Japan Gains War Plan Orange (Opinion of the United States -50United States:
| There is no greater threat to us than Japan's imperialistic ambitions. Their efforts to expand into Asia and the Pacific will put them at odds with our interests quickly. |
War Plan Yellow | United States:
| United States:
| China has been in a state of civil war for more than a generation. There is no telling when the situation deteriorates to the point where we have to intervene. |
Defense of the Pacific | United States:
Japan:
| United States:
| The Japanese government is beyond hope, its expansionism threatening both our people and its Asian neighbors. The nation must be brought under American administration to reform it and prevent it from ever repeating its mistakes. |
Focus | Prerequisites | Effects | Description |
---|---|---|---|
War Department | None | United States gets the national spirit: War Department In an age of industralized warfare, we must have an administration capable of harnessing the resources of our great nation to their fullest potential. | In an age of industralized warfare, we must have an administration capable of harnessing the resources of our great nation to their fullest potential. |
Selective Training Act | United States:
| United States:
| The United States has historically been slow to adopt a draft, even in times of war. We are no longer able to afford this luxury. |
First Special Service Force | United States:
| United States:
| Operations behind enemy lines in inhospitable territory will be part of any global conflict. Forming commando units to fulfill these roles is essential to our future warfare. |
Louisiana Maneuvers | United States:
| United States:
| Budget constraints have forced us to observe many military developments from afar. Now, we can finally try out some of our theories in practice. |
Airborne Divisions | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Airborne Divisions The developments in the range and payload of planes have opened up a number of possibilities. Cargo planes could deliver a full division of troops far behind enemy lines, where they would wreak havoc. | The developments in the range and payload of planes have opened up a number of possibilities. Cargo planes could deliver a full division of troops far behind enemy lines, where they would wreak havoc. |
Army of the United States | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Army of the United States For the fights that are to come, the US Army is too small. To oversee the dramatic increase in size we will have to accomplish, we will need to create a new organization. | For the fights that are to come, the US Army is too small. To oversee the dramatic increase in size we will have to accomplish, we will need to create a new organization. |
Women's Armed Service Integration Act | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Women's Armed Service Integration Act We can not afford to turn away anyone who wishes to serve. Every woman in uniform frees up a man to fight at the front. | We can not afford to turn away anyone who wishes to serve. Every woman in uniform frees up a man to fight at the front. |
Support Rock Island | United States:
| United States:
| Supporting our brave troops in any way we can is key to victory. Be that by laying down heavy artillery fire from a distance or more direct support on the battlefield. We must make sure our troops have everything they need. |
Tank Experiments | United States:
| United States:
| Tanks are indispensable on the modern battlefield. We must find out how to best utilize them. |
Tank Destroyer Doctrine | United States:
| United States:
| A controversial theory developed by some artillery officers, claiming that the best weapon against armored breakthroughs is a fast, lightly armored but heavily armed vehicle. |
Main Battle Tanks | United States:
| United States:
| Experience in the field has clearly shown that a tank must be able to perform a large number of tasks, from infantry support to fighting enemy tanks. Designing vehicles to meet these needs allows us to streamline production. |
Armored Infantry | United States has the focus:
| United States:
| Tanks alone can not win a battle. It takes infantry to hold territory. Providing them with armored vehicles allows them to keep up with the tanks and survive anything thrown at them. |
Build the Pentagon | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: The Pentagon | The expansion of our military requires a new global headquarters to command it. |
Department of Defense | United States:
| United States:
Department of Defense Effective Change: Maximum Command Power Increase: +25 Renaming the war department underlines that we can no longer choose to ignore our protection until the moment it is tested. We must always be vigilant. | Renaming the war department underlines that we can no longer choose to ignore our protection until the moment it is tested. We must always be vigilant. |
Air War Plans Division | United States:
| United States:
Air War Plans Division
Only through supremacy in the air will the Axis Powers be defeated. Long-term plans for the production and deployment of fighters and strategic bombers make this not only possible, but attainable. | To make the right priorities in aviation as well as aircraft production will require long-term planning. The AWPD will ensure we have materiel, organization and strategic plans. |
Air Support | United States:
| United States:
Air Support
| Aerial warfare must first and foremost be used in conjunction with other military operations. |
CAS Effort | United States:
| United States:
| A modern army needs support from vehicles not only on the ground, but also in the air. |
Tactical Bomber Effort | United States:
| United States:
| Constructing planes built to attack tactical targets will make way for our troops to advance more safely. |
US Army Airforce | United States:
| United States:
| The fundamental objective of military airpower is to allow the ground forces to take and hold ground. Everything else is ancillary. |
Strategic Bombing | United States:
| United States:
Strategic Bombing | The capacity to execute precision bombing will allow us to stop the war machine of any nation in its tracks. |
Escort Fighters | United States has the focus:
| United States:
| While the bomber might always get through, his wingman might not - unless they are both protected by friendly fighters. |
Combined Bomber Offensive | United States:
| United States:
Combined Bomber Offensive | With another Great Power on our side, we have unexpected advantages in researching and applying large-scale offensive bombing. |
US Air Force | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: US Air Force The fundamental objective of military airpower is to win wars. Strategic bombing with ever more devastating weapons will either break the will of the enemy to resist or render them materially unable to do so. | The fundamental objective of military airpower is to win wars. Strategic bombing with ever more devastating weapons will either break the will of the enemy to resist or render them materially unable to do so. |
Focus | Prerequisites | Effects | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Two Ocean Navy Act | United States:
| United States:
| With war on the horizon, we must ensure that no enemy can ever set foot on American shores. Our navy must be able to fight any enemy in either of the two great oceans that form our borders. |
Maritime Commission | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Maritime Commission While most laymen only focus on the warships, the true experts know that it is the humble cargo vessel that wins wars. To increase the amount of shipping available in times of war, we will form a special board to coordinate construction. | While most laymen only focus on the warships, the true experts know that it is the humble cargo vessel that wins wars. To increase the amount of shipping available in times of war, we will form a special board to coordinate construction. |
Liberty Ships | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Liberty Ships
| Mass-production of cargo ships need to accompany our industrial developments to ensure our materials and troops reach the theaters where they are needed. |
Bureau of Ships | United States:
| United States:
Bureau of Ships
| We will combine the Bureau of Construction and Repair and the Bureau of Engineering into one entity to oversee future naval developments. |
Battleship Primacy | United States:
| United States:
| With the Japanese denounciation of the Washington Naval Treaty, we may face another arms race on the oceans. We will ensure we have both the most and best battleships. |
Advanced Mahanian Doctrine | United States:
| United States:
| The influence of Alfred Thayer Mahan on naval warfare can hardly be underestimated. Building on his work will allow us to make good use of battleships, which he considered a decisive factor. |
Advanced Basing | United States:
| United States:
| The further we can keep the enemy from our shores, the better. |
Carrier Primacy | United States:
| United States:
| Air power will be needed in battles to come, and the most practical means of extending its range is the use of aircraft carriers. We must create more advanced and specialized models. |
Bureau of Aeronautics | United States:
| United States:
| To meet the needs for naval aviation development, the Bureau of Aeronautics, which has been responsible for these matters for decades, will have to be expanded. |
Naval Radar | United States:
| United States:
| Radar offers tantalizing possibilites to take the cover of night away from our enemies and detect them even in bad weather. |
Escort Effort | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Escort Effort | Submarines constitute a danger to our merchant convoys. Focusing on development of new destroyer models will allow us to wage anti-submarine warfare efficiently. |
Convoy Tactics | United States:
| United States:
| Protecting our trade vessels is not just about escorts and effective intelligence, but also tactical choices in how to arrange our trade routes and routines. |
Fleet Submarines | United States:
| United States:
| Our most likely opponents in the naval war both rely on foreign trade, which has shown to be very vulnerable to submarines. These submarines would have to have very long range to allow them to cross the oceans and operate close to the enemy shore. |
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | United States:
| United States gets the national spirit: Unrestricted Submarine Warfare Submarine:
History has shown that whatever well-intentioned treaty tried to control submarine warfare is not worth the paper it is written on. We should not consider ourselves bound by something our enemies will ignore anyway. | History has shown that whatever well-intentioned treaty tried to control submarine warfare is not worth the paper it is written on. We should not consider ourselves bound by something our enemies will ignore anyway. |
Fund The Navy | United States:
| United States:
| We must be able to adapt to anything new our enemies throws at us. Increased funding to navy exercises will lead to a more efficient navy that can tactically outperform our enemies. |
Expand The USMC | United States:
| United States:
| The United States Marine Corps have been a decisive force in many past wars and may be more relevant than ever for our amphibious campaigns. Semper fidelis! |
Amphibious Operations | United States:
| United States:
| Unless our worst nightmares come true, this war will not be ended on American soil. Well-executed landings will need to be part of the path to victory. |
Generic | Generic • Continuous Focus |
Base Game | France • Germany • Italy • Japan • Poland • Soviet Union • United Kingdom • United States |
Australia • British Raj • Canada • New Zealand • South Africa |
Czechoslovakia • Hungary • Romania • Yugoslavia |
China • Communist China • Manchukuo • Warlords |
Mexico • Netherlands |
Generic | Generic • Continuous Focus |
Base Game | France • Germany • Italy • Japan • Poland • Soviet Union • United Kingdom • United States |
Australia • British Raj • Canada • New Zealand • South Africa |
Czechoslovakia • Hungary • Romania • Yugoslavia |
China • Communist China • Manchukuo • Warlords |
Mexico • Netherlands |
Map all coordinates using:OpenStreetMap |
Download coordinates as:KML·GPX |
Name | Species | Location | Age (years) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lost Tree | Acacia | Sahara desert 20°38′42″N11°14′56″E / 20.645°N 11.249°E | - | A very isolated tree and important landmark |
The Cotton Tree | Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) | Freetown, Sierra Leone | - | Historic symbol of Freetown. |
Wonderboom tree in Pretoria | Wonderboom (Ficus salicifolia) | Pretoria, South Africa | - | A sprawling fig tree in Pretoria, South Africa. |
El Drago Milenario | Dragon Tree (Dracaena draco) | Icod de los Vinos, Tenerife | - | Has been a local tourist attraction for more than a hundred years (mentioned by Alexander von Humboldt, for instance). |
Sunland Baobab | Baobab (Adansonia digitata) | Limpopo Province, South Africa 23°37′16″S30°11′53″E / 23.62111°S 30.19806°E | 1060 | A giant and ancient baobab tree, with a pub in the hollow. |
Name | Species | Location | Age (years) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arbre du Ténéré | Acacia | Sahara desert 17°45′00″N10°04′00″E / 17.75000°N 10.06667°E | A very isolated tree in the Sahara desert, notable before 1934, in Niger, destroyed in 1973. | |
Panke Baobab | African Baobab | Zimbabwe | 2,419 | Oldest documented non-clonal angiosperm. Tree fell in 2011.[1] |
Chapman's Baobab | African Baobab | Botswana | Found and named after James Chapman and marked by explorer David Livingstone. Tree fell in 2016.[2] |
Name | Species | Location | Age (years) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cypress of Abarkuh | Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) | Abarkuh, Yazd Province, Iran | 4,500 | Cypress of Abarkuh is the second oldest living tree in the world. |
Sisters Olive Trees of Noah | Olive Tree (Olea europaea) | Bcheale, Batroun District, Lebanon | Claimed to be 5,000 to 6,000 | Some claim these are the oldest living trees on earth. Legends refer to these trees as the source of the olive branch in the Genesis flood narrative.[3][4][5][6] |
Cedars of God | Lebanon Cedar (Cedrus libani) | Lebanon 34°14′37″N36°02′54″E / 34.24361°N 36.04833°E | - | A small forest (approximately 400,000 square feet (37,000 m2)) of about 400 Lebanon cedars at about 2,300 meters above sea level in the mountains of northern Lebanon. The cedars of Lebanon are mentioned in the Bible over 70 times and used as symbols of the Messiah, and they were prized by historical figures such as Herod, Alexander, and Julius Caesar. They also have a mention in the Epic of Gilgamesh |
The Great Banyan | Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) | Botanical garden near Kolkata, India 22°33′39″N88°17′12″E / 22.5608°N 88.2868°E | - | A clonal colony of Indian Banyan with a crown circumference of over 330 meters. |
Balete tree | OISCA Farm in Canlaon City, Philippines | 1,300 | The over 1,300-year-old balete tree (related to banyan trees) located in is probably the oldest known tree in the country as estimated by botanists from Silliman University.[7] | |
Hibakujumoku | Various | Hiroshima, Japan | Various | 170 trees that survived the atomic bombing of Hiroshima |
Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi | Sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) | Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka 8°20′41″N80°23′48″E / 8.34472°N 80.39667°E | 2300 | A sacred fig propagated from the Bodhi tree under which Lord Buddha became enlightened. It was planted in 288 BC.[8] |
Jōmon Sugi | Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) | Yakushima island, Japan 30°21′40.76″N130°31′55.81″E / 30.3613222°N 130.5321694°E | - | Ancient specimen |
Great sugi of Kayano | Japanese Cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) | Kaga, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan 36°13′39″N136°21′36″E / 36.22750°N 136.36000°E | 2,300 | |
Ginkgo Tree of the Confucian Shrine of Seoul | Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) | Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea | 500 | A pair of ginkgo trees |
Big Banyan Tree | Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) | Ramohalli, Bangalore, India 12°54′34″N77°23′44″E / 12.90944°N 77.39556°E | 400 | |
Tree of Life | Mesquite (Prosopis cineraria) | Bahrain 25°59′39″N50°35′00″E / 25.994073°N 50.583235°E | 400 | |
Chankiri Tree (Killing tree) | - | A tree in the Killing Fields against which children and infants were slung to kill them. | ||
Rahmat tree | Plane Tree (Platanus) | Kermanshah, Kermanshahan Province, Iran | 700 | Located in the historical area of Taq Bostan. |
The Ying Ke Pine | Huangshan pine (Pinus hwangshanensis) | Huangshan, China | Thought to be 1,500 | Ying Ke, meaning 'Welcoming-Guests' pine on Huangshan. |
Tembusu (Fagraea fragrans) | Singapore Botanical Gardens, Singapore | 100 | The tree is featured on the reverse of a $5 Singapore note. | |
Methuselah | Judean date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) | Israel | About 12 | The formerly extinct tree was sprouted from a 2,000-year-old seed. |
Thimmamma Marrimanu | Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) | 25 km from Kadiri, Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India 14°1′40.80″N78°19′30.37″E / 14.0280000°N 78.3251028°E | - | According to Guinness Book of Records (1989), the world's biggest Banyan Tree, spreading over 11 acres (4 hectares).[9] |
The Great Tamarind Tree of Hyderabad | Tamarind tree (Tamarindus indica) | Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, India | About 200 | During the Great Musi Flood of 1908, the lives of an estimated 150 people were saved by climbing this tree.[10][11] |
Name | Species | Location | Age (years) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alishan Sacred Tree | Cypress | Alishan train station, Taiwan | 3,000 | The tree fell on July 1, 1997. |
The Bodhi tree | Sacred fig (Ficus religiosa) | Bodh Gaya, India 24°41′45.29″N84°59′29.29″E / 24.6959139°N 84.9914694°E | - | The tree under which Buddha obtained enlightenment. The current tree at the site is a replacement. |
Guilty Chinese Scholartree | Pagoda Tree (Styphnolobium japonicum) | Jingshan park 39°55′23.22″N116°23′33.64″E / 39.9231167°N 116.3926778°E | The tree on which the Chongzhen Emperor hanged himself shortly after escaping the Forbidden City in Beijing, China. The original tree died and was replaced by a replica. | |
Changi Tree | Either or | Singapore | A historical visual landmark located in Singapore. Thought to be a specimen of Sindora wallichii, with an estimated height of 75 metres (246 ft), it was felled with explosive charges during the Second World War to prevent its use as a ranging aide by the approaching Japanese artillery. | |
Dry tree | Platanus | Norther Persia, possibly Tabriz or somewhere in Khorasan | According to a legend, the solitary Dry tree marked the spot of a great battle between Alexander the Great and Darius. Later recorded by Marco Polo. | |
Cypress of Keshmar | Cypress | Kashmar, Khorasan, Persia | According to a legend, it has sprung from a branch brought by Zoroaster from Paradise. | |
The Lone Pine | Turkish Pine (Pinus brutia) | Gallipoli Peninsula, Turkey 40°13′49.48″N26°17′14.74″E / 40.2304111°N 26.2874278°E | A solitary tree which marked the site of the Battle of Lone Pine in 1915. | |
The Kalayaan Tree | Copperpod (Peltophorum pterocarpum) | Malolos Cathedral, Bulacan, Philippines | The Kalayaan Tree (Tree of Freedom), located near the front of the Minor Basilica of Our Lady of Immaculate Conception in the historic city of Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines. The siar tree was planted by Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo during a lull in the Malolos Convention. Under the tree is a monument symbolizing the meeting of Filipino revolutionaries represented by statues of Gregorio del Pilar and Gen. Isidoro Torres; Don Pablo Tecson, a legislator; Padre Mariano Sevilla, a nationalist leader of the church and Doña Basilia Tantoco, a woman freedom fighter.[12][13] | |
Kannimara Teak | Teak (Tectona grandis) | Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India | One of the oldest and largest living teak trees. It had a girth of 6.52 metres (21.4 ft) and a height of 48.25 metres (158.3 ft) when the measurement was taken in 2003. | |
Korean DMZ | A tree within the Korean DMZ was the focus of the Axe Murder Incident, in which two United States Army officers were killed by North Korean soldiers. The killings led to Operation Paul Bunyan, named for the legendary lumberjack. The tree was eventually cut down under the watch of over 800 soldiers. | |||
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) | Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū, Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan | 1,000 | The ancient tree was uprooted in a storm in 2010. |
Name | Species | Location | Age (years) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Old Tjikko | Norway spruce (Picea abies) | DalarnaSweden 61°35′N12°40′E / 61.583°N 12.667°E | 9,561[14] | The oldest known individual clonal tree in the world. |
Stara Maslina | Olive Tree (Olea europaea) | Bar, Montenegro 42°04′48″N19°07′46″E / 42.08000°N 19.12944°E | 2240 | |
Ballyconnell Yew | Yew | Grounds of Ballyconnell House, Annagh townland, County Cavan, Ireland | >2,000 | Ancient tree reckoned to be well over 2,000 years old with a massive girth. |
Craigends Yew | Yew | Grounds of the old Craigends estate, Houston, Renfrewshire, Scotland | >700 | Largest layering yew tree in Scotland with a 100-metre circumference of the crown |
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) | Urho Kekkonen National Park, Lapland (Finland), Finland | 770 | Considered one of the oldest trees in Finland. Probably the oldest Scots pine in the world. | |
Fortingall Yew | European yew (Taxus baccata) | Churchyard of the village of Fortingall in Perthshire, Scotland 56°35′53″N4°03′04″W / 56.598158°N 4.051007°W | 2,000–5,000 | Various estimates have put its age at between 2,000 and 5,000 years. |
Florencecourt Yew | Irish Yew (Taxus baccata) | Florence Court estate near Enniskillen, Fermanagh, Northern Ireland 54°15′40″N7°43′38″W / 54.261004°N 7.727313°W | 279 | Replanted in 1740 as a sapling. Following commercial propagation of the tree after 1820, it is believed that the majority of Irish Yews outside Ireland are derived from this one tree. |
Caesarsboom (Caesar's Tree) | European yew (Taxus baccata) | Lo, Belgium 50°58′49″N2°44′44″E / 50.98028°N 2.74554°E | Noted for the legend that Julius Caesar tethered his horse to it during his conquest of the region. | |
Yew | Estry, Normandy, France | > 1,600 | Considered one of the oldest trees in France. Its hollow trunk can contain 30 people. | |
Yews | La Haye-de-Routot, Normandy, France | ~ 1,500 | A chapel with a door was designed in one of them. | |
Forest swastika | Larch | Zernikow, Germany. | A patch of carefully arranged larch trees covering a 60-yard (55 m) square area of pine forest. | |
The Old Elm | Field Elm (Ulmus minor) | Center of Sliven, Bulgaria | 1100 | The Old Elm won the 2014 European Tree of the Year Award. The tree has sat in the center of Sliven for 1100 years, serving as a gathering point and a historical marker. It is also part of the city coat of arms.[15] |
Granit Oak | English Oak (Quercus robur) | Granit village near Stara Zagora, Bulgaria 42°15′15″N25°08′10″E / 42.254067°N 25.136080°E | 1,650 | One of the oldest trees in Europe, estimated to be about 1,650 years old. Its crown spread covers an area of 1,017 square metres, its girth is 7.45 m, and its height is 23.4 m. |
Bartek | Oak | Zagnańsk, Świętokrzyskie Province, Poland 50°59′N20°40′E / 50.983°N 20.667°E | 650–670 | A famous tree in Poland, visited by kings, said to be about 1,200 years old (actually 650–670 years according to recent studies[citation needed]). It is 30 m tall, 13.5 m in girth near the ground, with a crown spread of 40 m. |
Gernikako Arbola | Oak | Guernica, Basque Country, Spain 43°18′53″N2°40′47″W / 43.31472°N 2.67972°W | An oak representing the Basque people | |
Queen Elizabeth Oak | English Oak (Quercus robur) | Royal Palace of Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England 50°59′46″N0°42′02″W / 50.99613°N 0.70066°W | 800–1000 | Said to be the location where Elizabeth I of England was told she was queen in 1558. |
Kongeegen (the King Oak) | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Jægerspris Nordskov, Sjælland, Denmark 55°54′37″N11°59′21″E / 55.91028°N 11.98917°E | 1,200 | The oldest tree in Denmark. |
Chêne chapelle | Oak | Allouville-Bellefosse, Normandy, France | 1,200 | An 800- to 1,200-year-old pedunculate oak, under which William the Conqueror is to have stopped, according to a local legend. There are two chapels inside. |
Poltava Oak | Oak | Poltava, Ukraine | 600 | An oak under which tsar Peter I rested at the Battle of Poltava in 1709.[citation needed] |
Yew | Stoke Gabriel churchyard Devon, England | Said to be the oldest tree in England. | ||
Major Oak | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Sherwood Forest, Nottinghamshire, England | 800 | The most famous and most visited tree of Great Britain. About 800 years old, with a girth at breast height of 10.5 m. |
Gilwell Oak | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Gilwell Park, Epping Forest, Essex, United Kingdom | circa 500 | Oak tree associated with the early history of the Scout Association |
Ivenack Oak | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Ivenack, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany | 800 | A huge and ancient Pedunculate oak thought to be about 800 years old, 35 m tall, 11 m in girth at breast height and 16.5 m near the ground. The largest oak in Germany and (in wood volume) probably in Europe. |
Baikushev's pine | Bosnian Pine (Pinus heldreichii) | Pirin mountains near Bansko, Bulgaria | 1,300 | An ancient tree estimated to be 1,300 years old. It is one of the oldest trees of Bulgaria and stands 24 m tall with a girth of 6.9 m at breast height. |
Stelmužė Oak | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Stelmužė, Zarasai district, Lithuania | 1,500 | Measures a girth at breast height of 9.58 m and 13 m near the ground. The oldest tree in Lithuania and the Baltic States. |
Chestnut Tree of One Hundred Horses | Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa) | Sant'Alfio, the eastern slope of Mount Etna, Italy | Probably the world's oldest and largest chestnut. | |
Bialbero de Casorzo (Grana Double Tree) | Outer: Mulberry Inner: Cherry Tree | Grana, Piemont, Italy | a tree which grows in a hollow tree near Grana, Piemont, Italy [1] | |
Le Gros chêne de Liernu (the big oak of Liernu) | Oak | 15 north from Namur, Belgium | 900 | Known as the oldest oak in Belgium. It is estimated at certainly 800 or 900 years old, maybe more than 1,000 years. |
The Oaks of Rogalin | Oak | Rogalin, Greater Poland | 1,000 | Thousand-year-old trees named after the three mythic founders of the Slavic nations. |
The Olive tree of Vouves | Olive Tree (Olea europaea) | Village of Ano Vouves, Kolymvari, Chania regional unit, Crete, Greece. | 2,000 | It is confirmed to be at least 2000 years old based on tree ring analysis, but it is claimed to be between 3000–4000 years old. |
Mulberry of the Patriarchate of Peć | Mulberry | Peć, Kosovo. | 800 | One of the oldest verified living trees in Serbia, located in the courtyard of the church complex of the Patriarchate of Peć. It was brought from the Shām region by Archbishop Saint Sava II during his pilgrimage to the Holy Land and planted between 1263 and 1272. |
Old Oak | Oak | Exactly 100 km from Belgrade, Serbia, next to E-75 highway. | 600 | |
Divljana Oak | Oak | Divljana, Serbia | over 1000 | |
Koča's oak | near Jagodina, Serbia | Named after Koča Anđelković. | ||
Veliki Popovac oak | Village of Veliki Popovac, Serbia | |||
Plane tree at Miloš's Residence | Plane tree | Belgrade, Serbia | The oldest plane tree in Belgrade. | |
Flower Square oak | English Oak (Quercus robur) | Belgrade, Serbia | ~200 | Around two centuries old, the last remaining of the forest that covered the area. |
Brian Boru's Oak | Oak | Raheen Woods, County Clare, Ireland | 1,000 | A reputedly 1000-year-old oak tree planted by Brian Boru, Last King of Ireland. |
Pi de les Tres Branques | Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) | Catalonia, Spain | Regarded as symbolising the unity of the Catalan countries | |
Midland Oak | Oak | Leamington Spa, Warwickshire, England | Reputed to mark the centre of England | |
Najevnik Linden Tree | Small-leaved Lime (Tilia cordata) | Najevnik Farm in Ludranski Vrh, Municipality of Črna na Koroškem, northern Slovenia | ~700 | The tree with the largest girth in Slovenia (10.70 meters; its height is 24 m). Estimated to be 700 years old. The traditional meeting place of Slovene politicians and a cultural venue. |
Tamme-Lauri oak | Oak | Urvaste Parish, Võru County, Estonia | 690 | Thickest and oldest tree in Estonia. |
Viiralti Oak | Oak | Vana-Võidu village in Viljandi County, Estonia | 400 | Known from the graphic work of Eduard Wiiralt from 1943 |
Orissaare stadium oak | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Orissaare, Saare County, Estonia | Grows in the middle of Orissaare stadium. European Tree of the Year 2015 | |
King's Pine | Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) | Järvselja village, Peipsiääre Parish, Tartu County, Estonia | 380 | This pine has height of 33 m and volume of 11,5 m3 (1999) |
Kelchi linden | Linden | Tallinn, Estonia | 360 | Named after pastor Christian Kelch who was buried under the linden in 1710 |
Waldtraut vom Mühlenwald | Douglas fir | Arboretum Freiburg-Günterstal near Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany | 107 (in 2017)[16] | Tallest tree in Germany with a heights of 66.58 meters in 2017[16][17][18] |
Name | Species | Location | Age (years) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anne Frank Tree | Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) | City center of Amsterdam, Netherlands 52°22′30.7″N4°53′4.7″E / 52.375194°N 4.884639°E | Featured in Anne Frank's The Diary of a Young Girl. The tree was destroyed in a gale in the late summer of 2010. | |
Merlin's Oak | Carmarthen, Wales | |||
Glastonbury Thorn | Common Hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) | Reputed to have been planted by Joseph of Arimathea. | ||
Thor's Oak | Oak | a tree sacred to the Germanic tribe of the Chatti, ancestors of the Hessians. | ||
Sacred tree at Uppsala | Temple at Uppsala, Sweden | It was a sacred tree venerated by Norse pagans, still extant in the second half of the 11th century. | ||
Royal Oak | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Boscobel, England | King Charles II hid in the tree to escape the Roundheads following the Battle of Worcester in 1651. The tree deceased and is replaced by a descendant. | |
Shakespeare's mulberry tree | Mulberry | New Place, Stratford-upon-Avon, England | Cut down in the mid-18th century and fashioned into mementos. | |
Tree of Hippocrates | Oriental Plane (Platanus orientalis) | Kos, Greece | The tree under which Hippocrates is supposed to have taught. | |
Red Forest | Pines | Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, Ukraine | Formerly the Worm Wood Forest, refers to the trees growing in the 10 km2 surrounding the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and is one of several of the Chernobyl disaster effects on April 26, 1986. The name 'Red Forest' comes from the ginger brown colour of the pine trees after they died following the absorption of high levels of radiation. | |
TV-eken | Oak | Stockholm, Sweden | The TV-oak or TV-eken was a tree in front of the offices of Sveriges Television. It was felled in 2011 despite a massive campaign to preserve it.[19] | |
Danger Tree | Beaumont-Hamel, France | Marks the area of highest casualties suffered by the Royal Newfoundland Regiment during their attack at Beaumont Hamel during the Battle of the Somme. The current 'tree' is a concrete replica, however growth around the replica may be from the same root system as the original tree. | ||
Takovo bush | Oak | Takovo, Serbia | Tree under which Miloš Obrenović started the Second Serbian Uprising. | |
Pine of Tsar Dušan | Bosnian Pine (Pinus heldreichii) | Uroševac, Serbia | 663 | Planted in 1336 by Tsar Dušan, destroyed by Albanian extremists in 1999.[citation needed] |
Poplar of Horror | Poplar | Donja Gradina, Bosnia and Herzegovina | Used for mass executions of inmates of the Jasenovac concentration camp. | |
Buttington Oak | Oak | Buttington, Powys, Wales | Said to have been planted to commemorate the Battle of Buttington in 893, fell in February 2018 | |
Oak at the Gate of the Dead | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | near Wrexham, Wales | Circa 1,000 | Sited on the burial ground of the 1165 Battle of Crogen |
Brimmon Oak | Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur) | Newtown, Powys, Wales | Circa 500 | A campaign to save it forced the diversion of the A483 Newtown Bypass |
Bicycle Tree | Sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) | Brig o' Turk, Scotland | Circa 110–150 | A landmark tree with a bicycle embedded within it |
Name | Species | Location | Age | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Petrified Forest of Lesvos | Lesvos, Greece |
Map all coordinates using:OpenStreetMap |
Download coordinates as:KML·GPX |
Name | Species | Location | Age | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Allen Russell | Giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | Balch Park, Tulare County, California, US | The 33rd largest tree worldwide, named in dedication to park ranger Allen I. Russell. | |
Angel Oak | Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) | Johns Island, South Carolina, near Charleston, South Carolina, US 32°43′4″N80°4′46″W / 32.71778°N 80.07944°W | 400–500 | It stands 66.5 ft (20 m) tall, measures 28 ft (8.5 m) in circumference, and produces shade that covers 17,200 square feet (1,600 m2). Its longest branch distance is 187 ft.The tree and surrounding park have been owned by the neighboring city of Charleston since 1991. |
Bedford Oak | White Oak (Quercus alba) | Bedford, New York | 300–500 | In 1987, this tree was officially recognized by the National Arborist Association and International Society of Arboriculture as a significant tree that was alive at the time of the signing of the United States Constitution.[20][21] Its measurements are: circumference 20.5 feet (6.2 m); height 69 feet (21 m); average spread 100 feet (30 m). |
Bennett Juniper | Grand Juniper (Juniperus grandis) | Stanislaus National Forest, Tuolumne County, California US 38°18′32″N119°47′49.56″W / 38.30889°N 119.7971000°W | 2,000–6,000 (est.) | The largest known Juniper in the United States. |
The Big Oak | Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) | Thomasville, Georgia, US | One of the oldest Live Oak trees east of the Mississippi river. | |
The Big Tree - Goose Island | Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) | Rockport, Texas, US | Located in Goose Island State Park. | |
Bogey's Tree | Pacific Palisades, California, US | A tree on the 12th hole at Riviera Country Club, named after Humphrey Bogart. | ||
Boyington Oak | Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) | Mobile, Alabama, US | 184 | Reportedly grew from the grave of Charles Boyington in the potter's field just outside the walls of Church Street Graveyard. Boyington was tried and executed for the murder of his friend, Nathaniel Frost, on February 20, 1835. He stated that a tree would spring from his grave as proof of his innocence.[22][23] |
Buttonball Tree | American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) | Sunderland, MA, US 42°28′07.83″N72°34′42.14″W / 42.4688417°N 72.5783722°W | 350–400 (est.) | Large tourist attraction of the town; the tree is believed to be the largest tree of its kind on the East Coast, or as locals put it, 'The widest tree this side of the Mississippi.' This tree's measurements are: circumference 25 feet (7.6 m); height 111 feet (34 m); average spread 140 feet (43 m). |
Candler Oak Tree | Oak | Savannah, Georgia | ~300 | A Georgia Landmark and Historic Tree. It is owned by the Savannah Law School which protects the tree with fences and security surveillance. The tree serves as the law school's logo. |
Chandelier Tree | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | Leggett, California | ~2,000 | A Coast redwood with a passage for cars cut through. It is 276-foot (84 m) high and 16-foot (4.9 m) ft. in diameter. The name 'Chandelier Tree' comes from its unique limbs that resemble a chandelier. |
Circus Trees | Various | California | A group of trees shaped into artistic forms by arborist Axel Erlandson. | |
Comfort Maple | Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) | Pelham, Ontario, Canada | 500 | A 24.5-metre (80 ft) tall, approximately 500-year-old Sugar maple. |
Council Oak Tree | Oak | Hollywood, Florida | A historic oak tree on the Hollywood Seminole Indian Reservation that was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2012. | |
Creek Council Oak Tree | White oak | Tulsa, Oklahoma, US | A large oak tree marking the founding of Tulsa by the Lochapoka Clan of the Creek Nation in 1836. Listed in the National Register of Historic Places. | |
Davie Poplar | Tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) | Chapel Hill, North Carolina, US | 300–375 | A large tree on the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, it was named in honor of Revolutionary War general and founder of the University William Richardson Davie. Many legends are associated with the tree. |
Devil's Tree | Oak | Bernards Township, New Jersey, US | The tree is said to be cursed. Local legend says those who damage or disrespect the tree will soon thereafter come to some sort of harm, often in the form of a car accident or major breakdown as they leave. | |
Dewey Oak | White oak (Quercus alba) | Granby, Connecticut, US | 250–450 | The Town of Granby, Connecticut uses an outline of this tree as their town seal, and Connecticut's Notable Trees uses a photo of it on their certificates. This tree was damaged in the October 2011 snow storm (Storm Alfred), but it is still alive. This tree's measurements are: circumference 20.5 ft (6.2 m) height 78 ft (24 m) average spread 129 ft (39 m). |
Duffie Oak | Mobile, Alabama, US | 300 | It is estimated to be at least 300 years old and has a circumference of 30 feet 11 inches (9.42 m), a height of 48 feet (15 m) and a spread of 126 feet (38 m). Scholars consider it to be the oldest living landmark in the city.[24][25] | |
Emancipation Oak | Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) | Hampton, Virginia, US | On the campus of Hampton University, it is 98 feet (30 m) in diameter, with branches which extend upward as well as laterally. It is designated one of the 10 Great Trees of the World by the National Geographic Society and is part of the National Historic Landmark district of Hampton University. | |
Endicott Pear Tree | European Pear (Pyrus communis) | Danvers, Massachusetts, US 42°32′54″N70°55′48″W / 42.548238°N 70.930013°W | about 375 | Planted by Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor John Endecott in the 1630s or 1640s, this tree is believed to be the oldest cultivated fruit tree in North America. |
Friendship Oak | Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) | Long Beach, Mississippi, US 30°12′38″N89°04′52″W / 30.210637°N 89.080994°W | 500 | A large tree on the Gulf Park campus of the University of Southern Mississippi, 59 feet (18 m) tall with a trunk diameter of 5.75 feet (1.75 m) and circumference of 19.8 feet (6.0 m). |
General Grant tree | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | Kings Canyon National Park, California, US | The 'Nation's Christmas Tree' of the United States. | |
General Sherman tree | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | Sequoia National Park, California, US | 2300–2700 | The world's largest single living tree by volume, with an estimated 52,508 cu ft (1,487 m3) of wood in its trunk. |
Goshin | Chinese juniper (Juniperus chinensis) | Washington, D.C. | ~65 | A bonsai forest planting of eleven junipers donated to the National Bonsai Foundation in 1984, displayed since at the United States National Arboretum. |
Grayson Elm | American elm (Ulmus americana) | Amherst, Massachusetts, US | 200 | This impressive elm with octopus-like limbs is located near the UMass Amherst campus. Writing under the pseudonym David Grayson, Ray Stannard Baker (1870-1946) penned the book 'Under My Tree' about this elm.[26][27] According to Digital Amherst, a project of the Jones Library (the public library of Amherst, MA), Ray Stannard Baker 'purchased the meadow [where the elm was located] in order to save the tree. About the elm he wrote, 'It is content. It does not weep with remorse over its past, nor tremble for its future. It flings its loveliness to the sky, it is content with spring; it is glorious in summer, it is patient through the long winter.'[28] As of 2017, this tree's measurements are: circumference 17 feet (5.2 m); height 80 feet (24 m). |
Grizzly Giant | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | Yosemite National Park, California, US | One of the oldest and largest Giant Sequoias in Yosemite National Park | |
Hangman's Elm | English Elm (Ulmus minor) | Manhattan, New York City, NY, US | ~310 | The oldest known tree in Manhattan. Located in Washington Square Park, it stands 110 feet (33.52 m) tall and has a diameter of 56 inches (1.42 m).40°43′55″N73°59′55″W / 40.7319444444°N 73.9986111111°W |
Hare Krishna Tree | American Elm (Ulmus americana) | Manhattan's East Village, New York City, NY, US | The founding site of the Hare Krishna movement in the United States. | |
Harris Creek Sitka Spruce | Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) | Near the creek bed of Harris Creek, off the Pacific Marine Road between Port Renfrew, B.C. and Honeymoon Bay, B.C. on Vancouver Island, British Columbia 48°40′45″N124°12′51″W / 48.67921°N 124.21418°W | At 4 metres (13 ft) in diameter,[29] it is not the largest sitka spruce on Vancouver Island, but is easily accessible due to the paving of a former logging road,[30] and has become well-known: hikers going by on the Harris Creek Main trail are recommended by trail guide books to make a short detour to visit it. Can be reached by wheel-chair-accessible short trail from Pacific Marine Road, from small sign on right hand side of road going northeast, about 20 km north-east of Port Renfrew, or 8 km past Lizard Lake.[31] Logging in this area was permanently restricted by a 2012 vote.[29] | |
Hyperion | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | California, US | At 115.5 m tall the tallest tree in the world, found in 2006. | |
International World War Peace Tree | Linden tree | Darmstadt, Indiana, US | ~100 | A tree planted in by German Americanimmigrants, it was dedicated at the end of World War I as a reminder of Germany's armistice with the United States and a sign of loyalty to America. |
Iluvatar | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, near Orick, California, US | An arborist resting next to the coast redwood Iluvatar in the spring of 2008. The third largest known coast redwood. | |
Jardine Juniper | Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum) | Logan Canyon, Cache National Forest. Utah, US | ~1500 | Notable for its age, it was named after USAC alumnus and former U.S. Secretary of Agriculture William Marion Jardine. |
Keeler Oak | White Oak (Quercus alba) | Mansfield Township, Burlington County, New Jersey, US | ~300 | A sign posted near the tree states: 'This 300 year old tree was witness to the Colonial troops and Hessian soldiers as they marched through Black Horse down to Petticoat Bridge where a famous skirmish took place during the Revolutionary War. The tree is affectionately named for the previous owners of the farm where it now stands and serves as the Mansfield Township logo.' It is approximately 22.5 feet in circumference at chest height. |
Le Chêne à Papineau | Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra) | Montebello, Quebec, Canada | Estimated 300 years old and 20 m tall, it is one of the oldest known trees in Quebec. | |
Linden Oak | White oak | North Bethesda, Maryland, US | ~300 | A large tree with a height of 97 feet (30 m) and a crown spread of 132 feet (40 m) as measured in February 2008 by the Maryland Big Tree Program. 39°01′22″N77°06′08″W / 39.0227679167°N 77.1022224444°W |
Lone Cypress | Monterey Cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa) | Pebble Beach, California, US | ~250 | A dramatically situated tree, a western icon, and considered one of the most photographed trees in North America. 36°34′07″N121°57′55″W / 36.568748°N 121.965339°W |
Lost Monarch | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, California, US | The world's fifth largest coast redwood in terms of wood volume with a 26 feet (7.9 m) diameter at breast height (with multiple stems included), and 320 feet (98 m) in height. | |
Luna | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | Humboldt County, California 40°15′42″N124°18′36″W / 40.2618°N 124.3100°W | 600–1000 | A 200 feet (61 m) tall redwood that became notable when environmental activist Julia Butterfly Hill lived on a platform in the tree for 738 days in 1997-1999 to prevent it from being logged. In 2000, it was cut halfway through with a chainsaw but has survived and has been braced for support. |
Brooklyn Magnolia | Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora) | Brooklyn, New York City, New York, US | ~130 | An unusually large magnolia grandiflora for the latitude. A New York City designated landmark. The tree was brought as a seedling from North Carolina and planted around 1885. |
Man in Tree sequoia | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | Downtown Seattle | The site of a police standoff with a mentally ill man | |
Marlboro Tree | Black willow (Salix nigra) | Marlboro Township, New Jersey, US | The tree is about 152 years old and measures 76 feet (23 m) in height and 19 ft 8 in (5.99 m) in circumference. Five grown people must hold hands to fully encircle the tree. | |
Methuselah | Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus longaeva) | California, US | 4,700 | A candidate for the oldest known living organism (approximately 4,700 years). |
Moon trees | Various | Grown from seeds taken into orbit around the moon | ||
El Palo Alto | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | Palo Alto, California, US | A landmark that gave the city of Palo Alto its name. It stood up above its surroundings in a wide flat area and thus could be seen from far away in all directions, as far back as 1769 when Spanish explorers camped underneath it. It is no longer as impressive as it once was, having lost more than 50 feet (15 m) since its height was measured at 162.2 feet (49.4 m) in 1814. | |
Pando (Latin for 'I spread') | Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) | Utah, US | ~80,000 | A Quaking Aspen colony in Utah, is the oldest known clonal colony at possibly 80,000 years, and the heaviest at 6,000 tonnes. |
Perryville Tree engravings | Perryville, Maryland, US | Trees carved by mentally ill veterans. | ||
Pinchot Sycamore | American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) | Simsbury, Connecticut, US | 300–400+ | The largest tree in Connecticut, an ancient sycamore named for Gifford Pinchot. This tree's measurements are: circumference 28 feet (8.5 m); height 100 feet (30 m); average spread 141 feet (43 m). |
Queens Giant | Tulip-tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) | Northeast Queens, New York | 350–450 | The tree measures 40 metres (130 ft) tall and is 350–450 years old. It is the oldest living organism in the New York metropolitan area. |
Sacred Oak | Chinkapin Oak (Quercus muehlenbergii) | Oley Valley, Pennsylvania, US | 500 | Claimed to be more than 500 years old, this oak tree earned its name through Native American legend. Its measurements are: circumference 21 feet (6.4 m); height 73 feet (22 m); average spread 118 feet (36 m). |
Santa Barbara's Moreton Bay Fig Tree | Santa Barbara, California, US | ~138 | ||
Seven Sisters Oak | Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) | Lewisberg, Louisiana, US | 1,500 | Believed to be nearly 1,500 years old. The tree has a girth of over 38 feet (12 m) and is the president of the Live Oak Society. |
Stratosphere Giant | Coast Redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) | California, US | 112.8 m tall, the tallest known tree in the world until displaced by Hyperion. | |
Survivor Tree | American Elm (Ulmus americana) | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, US | Incorporated into the Oklahoma City National Memorial. Located across the street from the Murrah Federal Office Building, it survived the terrorist bombing in Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995. | |
Survivor Tree | Callery Pear (Pyrus calleryana) | New York, New York, US | Survived the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center in 2001 and was incorporated into the National September 11 Memorial & Museum. | |
Treaty Oak | Southern Live Oak (Quercus virginiana) | Jacksonville, Florida, US | The Treaty Oak is an octopus-like Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana) in Jacksonville, Florida. It is estimated to be 250 years old and is located in Treaty Oak Park in the Southbank area of Downtown Jacksonville. | |
Treaty Oak | Plateau Live Oak (Quercus fusiformis) | Austin, Texas, US | The Treaty Oak is a 500-year old Plateau live oak (Quercus fusiformis) in Austin, Texas. It is the last surviving member of the Council Oaks, a grove of 14 trees that served as a sacred meeting place for Comanche and Tonkawa tribes prior to European settlement of the area. | |
The Tree That Owns Itself | White Oak | Athens, Georgia, US | 'Son of..' planted Dec, 4, 1946 | According to local folklore, owns itself and all land within 2.5 m (8 ft) of its base. |
The Tree That Owns Itself (Alabama) | Post Oak | Eufaula, Alabama, US | Legally given ownership of itself and its land in 1936 by the mayor of Eufaula. | |
Washington Oak | White oak | Princeton, New Jersey, US | Overlooks the Princeton Battlefield State Park; located where British and American forces first saw each other, igniting the Battle of Princeton in 1777. | |
Washington tree | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | California, US | ||
Witch Tree | Northern White Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) | Grand Portage, Minnesota, US | ~300 | Also called Manido Giizhigance, or Little Cedar Spirit Tree by the Ojibwe Indian tribe, is a cedar growing on the rocky shoreline of Lake Superior. It is at least 300 years old, possibly twice that, revered by the local Ojibwe Indian tribe, and mentioned by French explorers in 1731. |
Salem Oak | White oak | Salem friends burial grounds in Salem, New Jersey, US | 500–600 | 22 ft (6.7 m) circumference. Estimated between 500 and 600 years old. This tree did not sustain any damage from the Hurricane Sandy in October 2012. |
Pechanga Great Oak | Coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) | Temecula, California, US | 1500–2000 | Oldest oak tree in the United States, possibly in the world. |
Black walnut (Juglans nigra) | Longview, Washington, US | 161 | Marks the location of the Monticello Convention, establishing the Washington Territory in 1852.[32] | |
Treaty Tree | Douglas Fir | Nisqually, Washington | Marks the location of the Treaty of Medicine Creek between the United States and most Pacific Northwest Indian tribes |
Name | Species | Location | Age | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hollow Log (Balch Park) | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | Balch Park, Tulare County, California US 36°13′13″N118°40′46″W / 36.220404°N 118.679318°W | A naturally hollowed out log of a now fallen giant sequoia that was once an attraction at a private resort before the land was donated as a park in 1930. | |
Beaman Oak | White oak | West Boylston, Massachusetts, US | The largest white oak in Massachusetts, with a 31-foot circumference and featured on the seal of the Town of West Boylston. | |
The Royal Oak[citation needed] | Oak | Royal Oak, Michigan, US | In 1819, Michigan Governor Lewis Cass and several companions set out on an exploration of Michigan territory to disprove land surveyors' claims that the territory was swampy and uninhabitable. The beginning of their journey seemed to support those claims until they reached a desirable area of higher ground near the intersections of Main, Rochester and Crooks Roads. Here they encountered a stately oak tree with a trunk considerably wider than most other oaks. Its large branches reminded Cass of the legend of the royal oak tree, under which King Charles II of England took sanctuary from enemy forces in 1660. Cass and his companions christened the tree the 'Royal Oak.' | |
Balmville Tree | Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) | Balmville, New York, US | Oldest tree of its species in the Eastern United States, placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000 as New York State's smallest state forest. | |
Black Hawk Tree | Cottonwood | Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, US | Debunked local lore held that Sauk Chief Black Hawk once hid amongst its branches to escape his pursuers. The tree was destroyed by a storm during the 1920s. | |
Burmis tree | Limber pine (Pinus flexilis) | Crowsnest Pass, Alberta, Canada | Declared dead in 1979 but still standing on the north side of the Crowsnest Highway. | |
Buttonwood (Platanus occidentalis) | Wall Street, New York City, NY, US | The tree which once stood at the foot of Wall Street in New York City. It was under this tree that stock traders once gathered and formed the Buttonwood Agreement which later evolved into the New York Stock Exchange. | ||
Charter Oak | White oak | Connecticut, US 41°45′33″N72°40′25″W / 41.75930°N 72.67355°W | An unusually large tree that was used to hide the Connecticut colonial constitution from English governor-general Sir Edmund Andros. The oak became a symbol of American independence and is commemorated on the Connecticut State Quarter. It fell during a storm in 1856. | |
Eisenhower Tree | Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) | Augusta, Georgia, US | 100–125 | Loblolly pine tree on the Augusta National Golf Club course, said to be 'among the most famous landmarks in golf', and particularly frustrating to Dwight D. Eisenhower. Removed in 2014 after suffering irreparable damage during an ice storm. |
Encino Oak Tree | Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia) | Los Angeles, California, US | 1,000 | A 1,000-year-old tree in the Encino section of Los Angeles. It was also known as the Lang Oak. Once described as 'the oldest known tree in the city of Los Angeles,' it fell on February 7, 1998, due to strong winds from an El Niño storm. |
Geneseo Big Tree | Geneseo, New York, US | A giant tree on the Genesee River, reported by some as an elm, by others as an oak. It was the site of the 1797 Treaty of Big Tree between Robert Morris and the Seneca tribe to sell most of western New York, also known as The Holland Purchase. It was washed away in a flood in the mid 19th century. | ||
Great Elm (Boston) | Elm | Boston, Massachusetts, US | The tree stood at the center of the Boston Common until February 15, 1876. Initially believed to be used for executions, the tree later gained prestige as a centerpiece of the area. | |
Herbie | American Elm (Ulmus americana) | Yarmouth, Maine, US | 212 | At 110 feet in height, it was the oldest and largest of its kind in New England. Having battled Dutch elm disease for years, its condition worsened and it was felled in 2010. |
Hooker Oak | Valley Oak (Quercus lobata) | Chico, California, US | At its discovery in 1872 by Joseph Hooker, it was believed to be the largest of its species in the world and possibly as old as 1,000 years. After it fell in 1977, it was discovered it was actually two 325-year-old oak trees that had long since grown into one. | |
Inspiration Oak | Live Oak | Magnolia Springs, Alabama, US | 90 | Having a spread of 192 feet, this oak, a landmark on U.S. Highway 98, was girdled with a chainsaw in October 1990 during an eminent domain dispute with Baldwin County officials. Grafting efforts to save the tree failed, and it died in 1993. Estimated by locals to be around 500 years old, it was discovered to be only 90 years old in a ring count. |
'The Joshua Tree' | Yucca Palm (Yucca brevifolia) | Mojave Desert, US | A lone-standing Joshua tree featured in the album art of The Joshua Tree by U2. The tree fell around 2000. A plaque now stands where the tree was, as the site is a popular site for fans to pay tribute to the band. | |
Kiidk'yaas (The Golden Spruce) | Sitka Spruce (Picea sitchensis) | Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada | A rare golden Sitka Spruce sacred to the Haida, on Haida Gwaii. The tree was illegally felled in 1997. | |
Liberty Tree | Elm Tree | Boston, Massachusetts, US | A famous tree near Boston Common where colonists in Boston staged the first act of defiance against the British government at the tree. The tree became a rallying point for the growing resistance to the rule of Britain over the American colonies and for that reason it was felled by British soldiers in 1775. | |
Lincoln Oak | Oak | Bloomington, Illinois, US | Historic tree at which Stephen A. Douglas and Abraham Lincoln both gave speeches during the 1850s. The tree died in 1976. | |
Logan Elm | American Elm (Ulmus americana) | Pickaway County, Ohio, US | One of the largest American elm trees recorded at 65-foot-tall (20 m) with a trunk circumference of 24 feet (7.3 m) and a crown spread of 180 feet (55 m). Weakened by Dutch Elm Disease, the tree died from storm damage in 1964. | |
Mercer Oak | White oak | Princeton, New Jersey, US | The tree on which a wounded General Hugh Mercer rested during the American Revolutionary War's Battle of Princeton. Despite its fall in early 2000, it continues to be Princeton's emblem. | |
Mingo Oak | White oak | Mingo County, West Virginia, US | Formerly the oldest and largest white oak in the United States until its felling on September 23, 1938. | |
Mother of the Forest | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | a 321-foot (98 m) giant sequoia | ||
National Christmas Tree | Blue spruce (Picea pungens) | President's Park in Washington, D.C., US | It was 9 meters (30 ft) tall when it was transplanted from York, Pennsylvania, in 1978. It was felled by a windstorm on February 19, 2011. | |
Old Oak Tree | White oak | Churchyard of Presbyterian Church in Basking Ridge, Basking Ridge, NJ | 600 | Nearly 100 feet (30 m) tall with a spread of more than 130 feet (40 m) and 20 feet (6.1 m) in circumference. Evangelical speakers woke up more than 3,000 underneath in 1740. Watched over American Revolutionary War events, survived numerous hurricanes, but died in 2016 and was taken down in 2017.[33] |
Pioneer Cabin Tree | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | Calaveras Big Trees State Park, California | 1000 (est.) | Also known as The Tunnel Tree, it was one of the US's most famous trees drawing thousands of visitors annually. In the 1880s, a tunnel in its trunk was made so that tourists could pass through it. It fell during a rainstorm and flooding on January 8, 2017. |
Prometheus | Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus longaeva) | 5,000 | Was the oldest living non-clonal organism. The age was estimated at 5,000 years. The tree was cut down on August 6, 1964, by a graduate student and U.S. Forest Service personnel for research purposes, though at the time they did not know of its world-record age. | |
Senator | Pond cypress (Taxodium ascendens) | Big Tree Park, Longwood, Florida, US | ~3,500 | Was the oldest Pond Cypress tree in the world. It was 35 meters (115 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of 344 cm and an estimated stem volume of 119.4 m3. It was estimated to be 3,500 years old at the time of its demise in early 2012. |
Treaty of Greenville Tree | Greenville, Ohio, US | |||
Trout Lake Big Tree | Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa) | Mount Adams (Washington), US 46°03′32″N121°31′47″W / 46.0588°N 121.5296°W | At 202 feet (62 m) tall and a diameter of 7 feet (210 cm), it is one of the largest known ponderosa pine trees in the world. | |
Vizcaíno-Serra Oak | California live oak (Quercus agrifolia) | Monterey, California | The tree was closely associated with the early history of Monterey, California and Junípero Serra. First described in 1602 by Sebastián Vizcaíno, it stood next to a creek in what is now Monterey State Historic Park. It was declared dead in 1904. | |
The Washington Oak | Hampton Plantation near Charleston, South Carolina, US | When George Washington visited Charleston in 1791, Eliza Lucas Pinckney complained about a live oak that blocked the view. Washington remarked that he liked the tree, so it was saved and has since been known as the Washington Oak. | ||
Wawona Tree | Giant Sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) | Giant sequoia with a tunnel cut through it. Fell in 1969. | ||
Webster Sycamore | American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) | Near Webster Springs in Webster County, West Virginia | approx. 500 | The largest American sycamore in the U.S. state of West Virginia until its felling in 2010. |
Wethersfield Elm | ||||
Wye Oak | White oak | Maryland, US | Was the honorary state tree of Maryland, and the largest white oak tree in the United States. |
Name | Species | Location | Age | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Callixylon tree | Archaeopteris | Ada, Oklahoma, U.S. | 250,000,000 | Discovered on a farm it was the largest example of a petrified tree when it was discovered in 1913. It is estimated to be about 250,000,000 years old. After a 23-year dispute with the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C., the tree's fragments were displayed on the East Central Oklahoma State University in March, 1936.[34] |
Ginkgo Petrified Forest | Various | Washington, U.S. | ||
Petrified Forest | Various | Sonoma County, California, U.S. | On the List of California Historical Landmarks. | |
Petrified Forest National Park | Various | Arizona, U.S. | ||
Mississippi Petrified Forest | Various | Near Flora, Mississippi, U.S. | 36 million years old | This forest is believed to have been formed 36 million years ago when fir and maple logs washed down an ancient river channel to the current site where they later became petrified. |
Name | Species | Location | Age | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Árbol del Tule | Montezuma Cypress (Taxodium mucronatum) | Santa María del Tule, Oaxaca, Mexico 17°02′47.4″N96°38′10″W / 17.046500°N 96.63611°W | 1,433–1,600 years (est) | The stoutest tree in the world. Its trunk has a circumference of 42.0 m (137.8 ft), equating to a diameter of 14.05 m (46.1 ft). In 2001 it was placed on a UNESCO tentative list of World Heritage Sites. |
El Arbolito (The Little Tree) | Managua, Nicaragua | A traditional landmark used to give directions in Managua.[35] | ||
Gloomy Night Tree (Árbol de la Noche Triste) | Tacuba, Mexico City, Mexico | An old tree where Hernán Cortés allegedly mourned after being expelled from Tenochtitlan before taking the city by force. | ||
Cashew of Pirangi | Cashew | 5°58′43″S35°07′24″W / 5.978657°S 35.123372°W | major tourist attraction in Natal, Brazil. Believed to be the biggest cashew in the world. | |
Cashew of A Praia | Cashew | Cajueiro da Praia | ||
Gran Abuelo | Fitzroya cupressoides | Alerce Costero National Park, Chile | ca. 3600[36][37] |
Name | Species | Location | Age | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Arbol de Guacari | Samanea saman | Guacarí, Colombia | Famous tree engraved in the $500 coin |
Name | Species | Location | Age | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
The Banyan Tree | Banyan (Ficus benghalensis) | Lahaina, Hawaii 20°53′10″N156°40′29″W / 20.886111°N 156.674722°W | ~150 | Planted in the 1860s, it covers an entire city block in the waterfront in Lahaina. |
Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) | near Pemberton, Western Australia 34°29′35″S115°58′22″E / 34.49306°S 115.97278°E | Forest fire lookout tree with accessible platform, | ||
Diamond Tree | Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) | 10 km from Manjimup, Western Australia | Forest fire lookout tree with accessible wooden platform (52 m high). | |
Dig Tree | Cooper Creek, Queensland, Australia | Used as a marker by members of the ill-fated Burke and Wills expedition. | ||
El Grande | At one time, the world's largest flowering plant. | |||
Lone Gum | Coolabah (Eucalyptus coolabah) | Simpson Desert, South Australia, Australia | A solitary Coolabah, far from the nearest watercourse, normally grows in heavy clay soils. There is no other tree of its kind in the region and how it came to be there remains a mystery.[38] | |
Gloucester Tree | Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) | Western Australia's most famous Karri tree, with accessible aluminium platform, in (61 m high). | ||
Old Jarrah Tree | Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) | Perth, Western Australia | ||
King Jarrah | Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) | Manjimup, Western Australia | Giant Jarrah saved by the National Trust upon overhearing two foresters bragging at the pub about a mighty tree they were going to chop down the next morning.[citation needed] | |
Curtain Fig Tree | Strangler Fig | Near Cairns, Australia. | One of the largest trees in North Queensland. The roots dangle 15 metres to the ground to create a curtain-like effect. | |
Cathedral Fig Tree[39][40] | Strangler fig | Yungaburra, Tablelands Area, Queensland, Australia | 500 | 'A gigantic 500 year old strangler tree', like the Curtain Fig Tree. Another massive Ficus virens in the Danbulla Forest. |
Tane Mahuta ('Lord of the Forest') | Kauri | Northland Region, New Zealand | 1,250–2,500 | It is estimated to be between 1,250 and 2,500 years old. |
Te Matua Ngahere ('Father of the Forest') | Kauri | Northland Region, New Zealand. | ||
Bland Oak | Quercus virginiana | Sydney, Australia | >170 | Planted in 1842 by William Bland, it is one of the largest and oldest trees in Sydney. Was the largest in Australia until 1940 when a storm struck parts of it.[41] |
Boab Prison Tree, Derby | Boab tree (Adansonia gregorii) | South of Derby, Western Australia | Was used as a prison for Indigenous Australian prisoners on their way to Derby for sentencing. | |
Boab Prison Tree, Wyndham | Boab tree (Adansonia gregorii) | Wyndham, Western Australia | Also used as a prison. | |
Centurion | Eucalyptus regnans | Tasmania, Australia | At 99.6 metres, it is tallest known eucalypt and the tallest known angiosperm in the world, second tallest tree species in the world. | |
The Grandis | Eucalyptus Grandis (Flooded Gum) | Near Bulahdelah, New South Wales, Australia | >400 | At 76.2 metres tall though some sources claim that its past height was 84 metres tall. The Grandis is widely regarded as the tallest tree in New South Wales, and one of the oldest, being over 400 years old. |
The large tree at Hook and Cantitoe Roads is depicted on the Bedford town seal and predates the town's founding in 1680.